However, in their modern form, they evolved from simple inscriptions in books which were common in Europe in the Middle Ages, when various other forms of "librarianship" became widespread (such as the use of class-marks, call numbers, or shelfmarks). The earliest known examples of printed bookplates are German, and date from the 15th century. One of the best known is a small hand-coloured woodcut representing a shield of arms supported by an angel, which was pasted into books presented to

the Carthusian monastery of Buxheim by Brother Hildebrand Brandenburg of Biberach, about the year 1480—the date being fixed by that of the recorded gift. The woodcut, in imitation of similar devices in old manuscripts, is hand-painted. An example of this bookplate can be found in the Farber Archives of Brandeis University. In France the most ancient ex-libris as yet discovered is that of one Jean Bertaud de la Tour-Blanche, the date of which is 1529. Holland comes next with the plate of Anna van der Aa, in 1597; then Italy with one attributed to the year 1622. The earliest known American example is the plain printed label of Stephen Daye, the Massachusetts printer of the Bay Psalm Book, 1642.

Until the 19th century, the devising of bookplates was generally left to the routine skill of the heraldic-stationery salesman.

crossover EXLIBRIS

пей осень мелкими глотками. кутайся в тёплое. обнимай близких. рассказывай истории.
люби.

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1 Важно: Закрыта мафия // вопросы и набор // СТАРТ В ПОНЕДЕЛЬНИК  Calanthe of Cintra [X]  [ 1 2 3 4 5 ]
142 3889 28.07.24 19:55:15  Calanthe of Cintra [X]
2 Закрыта мафия #5.3 // орем  Calanthe of Cintra [X]  [ 1 2 3  8 ]
228 1872 06.08.24 17:03:10  Daemon Targaryen
3 мафия #5.2 // строго по ГОСТ-у  Calanthe of Cintra [X]  [ 1 2 3  34 ]
999 8930 03.08.24 08:51:09  Calanthe of Cintra [X]
4 Закрыта мафия #5.1 // битва бастардов  Calanthe of Cintra [X]  [ 1 2 3  34 ]
999 10273 31.07.24 19:22:24  Rhaena Targaryen
5 Закрыта мафия #4.3 // орем  Calanthe of Cintra [X]  [ 1 2 3  8 ]
222 1961 06.04.24 01:43:17  Rhaena Targaryen
999 8572 05.04.24 10:56:28  Luo Binghe
998 10523 03.04.24 19:28:05  Peter Parker

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